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Flexbox, or the Flexible Box Layout, is a layout model in CSS designed for building dynamic and responsive user interfaces. It provides an efficient way to distribute space and align items within a container, even when the size of your elements is unknown or dynamic. Here are the key concepts and properties of CSS Flexbox:
1. Flex Container and Flex Items:
Flex Container (display: flex;
): The container that holds flex items. It enables the flexbox properties for its direct children.
.flex-container {
display: flex;
}
Flex Items: The direct children of a flex container become flex items. Each item can be individually controlled within the flex container.
.flex-item {
/* Styles for flex items */
}
2. Flex Direction:
flex-direction
: Defines the direction of the main axis (the primary axis along which flex items are placed) and the cross axis (the perpendicular axis).
.flex-container {
flex-direction: row | row-reverse | column | column-reverse;
}
3. Flex Wrap:
flex-wrap
: Determines whether flex items should wrap to the next line if there's not enough space on the main axis.
.flex-container {
flex-wrap: nowrap | wrap | wrap-reverse;
}
4. Aligning Items:
align-items
: Aligns flex items along the cross axis.
.flex-container {
align-items: flex-start | flex-end | center | baseline | stretch;
}
5. Aligning Content:
align-content
: Aligns a flex container's lines within the container when there is extra space in the cross axis.
.flex-container {
align-content: flex-start | flex-end | center | space-between | space-around | stretch;
}
6. Justifying Content:
justify-content
: Aligns flex items along the main axis.
.flex-container {
justify-content: flex-start | flex-end | center | space-between | space-around | space-evenly;
}
7. Ordering Flex Items:
order
: Specifies the order of a flex item.
.flex-item {
order: <integer>;
}
8. Flex Grow, Flex Shrink, Flex Basis:
flex
: A shorthand property that combines flex-grow
, flex-shrink
, and flex-basis
.
.flex-item {
flex: <flex-grow> <flex-shrink> <flex-basis>;
}
9. Aligning Self:
align-self
: Allows the default alignment to be overridden for individual flex items.
.flex-item {
align-self: auto | flex-start | flex-end | center | baseline | stretch;
}
10. Nested Flex Containers:
You can have flex containers within other flex containers, creating complex layouts.
.outer-container {
display: flex;
}
.inner-container {
display: flex;
}
These are the fundamental concepts and properties of CSS Flexbox. Flexbox is widely used for creating responsive and dynamic layouts, and mastering its features allows for efficient control over the arrangement and alignment of elements within a container. Experimenting with different combinations of properties and values will deepen your understanding of how Flexbox works.